Clutch.



lUNITED STATES j Patented May 24, 1904'.

PATENT OFFICE,

o LUToH.

' SPECIFICATION' forming part f Letters Patent No. 760,822, dated May 24, 1904.

riginal application filed March 10, 1902J Serial No. 97,604.

Y f Nels-1,474.

To all whom, it wtay concern/f "n Be it known that I, WALTER S. TIMMIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of vNew York, (and having a post-ofceaddress at 110 Fifth avenue, borough ofManhattan, city and Statev of New Yorln) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Clutches, of which the following is a full and true description, referencev being had to the accompanying drawings, showing one form ofmy invention and the employment thereof with a patterncontrolled machine-for instance, a machine for producing, assembling, orprinting a linel of characters or impressions. Y

My present application is a division ofthe pending application, SerialV No. 97,504, led March 10, 1902, for machines for producing justified lines. The form of clutch hereinafter described and the `controlling connections therefor may be employed forother purposes. n v

-The objects of this invention are, first, to

. provide a device which may be alternately ern-` ployed as a clutch and as a brake; second, ,to provide means for automatically operating the brake; third, to employ an electromagnet for operating the brake and to provide connections forautomatically energizing the magnet; fourth, to provide a locking mechanism op-l erating at desired times to hold the clutch in disconnecting position; fifth, to provide means whereby when the clutch has been locked the circuit through the clutch-operating electromagnet will be broken; sixth, to provide means for automatically operating the locking mechanism; seventh, to employ an elec-s tromagnet for this purpose and to cnt the same out of circuit when the locking mechanism has been moved to locking position, and, eighth, to provide means for holding the locking mechanism in locking position after the magnet has been cut out.

In the practical employment of the machine illustrated in my aforesaid application I have found it advantageous to employ a clutch and to automatically operate the same for the purpose of disconnecting the driven shaft from the main Shaftat theQnCluSQn Divided and this application filed December 9,71902. Serial Y (No model.) I

of each line, whereby the mechanism for producing, assembling, or impressing characters will be atrest during the return of the papercarriage or other Vbase to commence a new line, and in order that the machine shall not n lock-operating means should ofcourse be f constantly ready for advantageousdse'rvice, and I prefer to employ electromagnets for controlling these parts.

aforesaid, the magnet which operates the clutch and the magnet which voperates the .locking mechanism'should be cut out of circuit in order to save current and to prevent heating of the magnet-coils, and consequent danger of short-circuiting. This result is accomplished, as shown in the drawings, by providing an automatically-operating circuitbreaker, preferably one controlled by the locking mechanism when at or moving Vto locking position. In addition I provide means for holding the lockingv mechanism in locking position after the magnets are cut out of circuit and until an attendant restores the locking mechanism to normal position.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a diagram showing the wiring and electrical connections necessary to effect automatic operation. and cutting o ut of the clutchoperating and locking-mechanism-operating devices when applied to a machine for producing, assembling, or impressing lines of characters.i Fig. 2 is a plan view of a part of such I have found, however, that Whenever the clutch is locked, as

a machine, showing the pattern-feeding mechmechanism, and magnets; and Fig. 6 is a sectional detail showing the clutch disconnected and locked and the contacts of the circuit of the clutch-lock magnet, whereby the circuit of said magnet is broken.

The machine is provided with an automatically-operating clutch for connecting the machine with and disconnecting it from a driving device, such as a pulley and shaft.

l prefer to employ a device substantially like that illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This includes a combined clutch and brake and operates to simultaneously disconnect the machine and apply braking pull to the main shaft and to simultaneously connect the machine and remove the brakes.

Referring now to Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, I have shown a form of electromagnetically -controlled combined clutch and brake, togetherwith means for automatically locking the device in disconnected and braked position, as hereinafter explained. 1

D indicates the main shaft, and E the driving-shaft, supported upon a casting H3 of the machine. A driving-pulley H1, Figs. l and 2, is secured upon such driving-shaft.

H indicates an electromagnet secured to an upright H75.

H indicates a ring-clutch slidably fitted by keyway and key upon the main shaft.

H5 indicates a coiled spring fitted around a collar H1, which bears against the upright H71 and through which the shaft passes. The ends of such spring bear, respectively, against the inner side of the upright and against the slidable ring H.

H2 indicates a fixed ring secured to the extremity of the shaft E. Both H1 and H2 are provided with interfitting teeth and depressions H7, and when the ring H is advanced by the spring H1 it engages and is driven by the driving-ring H2, whereby motion is communicated to the main shaft D of the machine.

It will be noticed that the inner edges of the ring H1 and the outer edges of the magnet H are correspondingly beveled. When, therefore, the magnet is energized, the attracted ring H', operating against the compression of the spring H5, will be brought solidly against the magnet and will be simultaneously disconnected from the driving member H2. The pull exerted by the magnet H upon the ring will of course prevent rotation of the latter, and the ring being keyed upon the main shaft D will hold the latter againstrotation. From this it will be seen that the arrangement shown simultaneously and by a single device disconnects the machine and applies braking power thereto.

Under certain circumstances, as hereinafter explained-as, for instance, when the patternstrip contains no perfor-ations, as at the end of an articlewthe machine after having been automatically disconnected is to be maintained in such relation, and I have therefore provided a lock or catch to accomplish this purpose. The preferred form comprises an electromagnet HS, hereinafter designated the clutchholder magnet, and which (see Fig. l) is included by wire J3 in circuit with a circuitcloser carried by the armature J1 of the detector-magnet J, and which is also included by conductors and by self-governed contacts H1S and H17, hereinafter described, in series with the brake-magnet H.

The electromagnet H11, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, is provided with an armature H, secured to a vertically-disposed rocking shaft H7, upon the upper end of which is litted a locking-arm H111, provided at its extremity with a hook H11. The slidable ring H is provided with an annular groove H12, shaped to receive the hooked end of the locking-arm H111. The lower end of the vertical shaft H711 is provided with an upper contact-arm H11, which is fitted to the pin, and a lower contactarm H12, which is movable independently of the pin. A spring H11, connected to both arms, normally tends to hold contacts H17 and H11, one carried by each arm, in circuit-closing position. Thus when the clutch-holder magnet H11 is energized the attraction of its armature not only throws the arm H111 to locking position, but also throws forward the arm H11, and with it by reason of the connecting-spring H1G the arm H15, maintaining the circuit through the magnets H11 and H constantly closed. This would be undersirable from the f fact that if the machine is left disconnected and locked for a long time the magnets H and ll'1 would become oveiheated and might be burned out or short-circuited. l have therefore provided means for separating the contacts H17 and H1s upon the arms H11 and H11, when the clutch is securely locked, and other means whereby the locked parts are mechanically held in that relation. Extending npwardly from the base of the machine is a trippin H111, over the top of which the arm H11 moves without interference, but which pin is in the path of movement of the arm H11. 4The outer end of arm H11 is slotted or forked, and a pin H211, carried by the short arm of a lever H21, is adapted to move the said arm. H22 is a lever for manually throwing the level', and H21 is a spring connected to the pin H211 and to the machine and operative to hold the lever in Peither the locking or unlocking position. H1 is a stop against which the lever rests in the first-named position.

The normal position of the parts is shown in Figs. 3 and 4C, wherein the clutch engages the driving-gear, and the magnet H being inoperative the locking-arm is drawn away from ring H. It will be seen that the lever H21 is When,

also thrown the arm H17 outwardly.

lOO

IIO

however, the clutch-holder magnet H2 is en.

b y the trip-pin H19 and meanwhile has also drawn the short arm of the lever H21 until the line ofpull of the spring H25 isvto the. rear of the center of the pivot-screw H25, whereupon the said spring completes the locking movement of the parts and the separation'of; the contacts H17 andI H12. In this position the parts willremain until manually 'restored by the operation of the lever H21. Y 1 Y It will be noticed that the separation of thelv contactsH12 and H17 breaks the Circuit through both magnets H and H5, and this prevents the heating of the same and the liability toshortcircuiting through either orboth of the magnets. It will also be noticed that when the magnet H5 iscut out of circuit the hook H11 will not disengage the groove H12 of the clutch, but will be securely held therein by the tension of the spring H23, which exerts a pull on they lever H "Ifo unlock the disconnected clutch and to permit it to return to connectingv position, it

will be necessary in the illustrated form of my invention to throw the lever H21 to the position shown in Fig. 3,whereupon the spring I 25 exerts a downward pull on the lever and brings the contacts H18 and VH17 into engagement with each other.

The form of clutch invented by me is especially advantageous in connection withv a machinev controlled by a perforated patternstrip for printing, producing, or assembling lines ofcharacters, but may be employed with any other kind lof pattern-controlled machine. Machines for printing, producing, or assemblingl `lines of characters are preferably controlled by a pattern-usually a pattern-strip having openings representing the characters, openings representing interword-spaces, openings controlling the. width of the interwordspaces, and openings representing the end of la line.

In the practical operation of a machine of the character described the strip or other pattern is moved step by step and in such relation to 'character-selecting or space-making mechanisms as to cause these mechanisms to select in the predetermined order the desired characters and to space the words by complete or fractions ofunits, so as to exactly fill the predetermined length of line, and the movement of the pattern causes the operation upon presentation `of an openingor other representationof the end of a line of a carriage or base to commence a new line of characters'or impressions and also'disconnects the machine until the said movementof the carriage or base is completed. The clutch for effecting disconnection of the'machine is to be operated automatically upon presentation of a line-strip opening, and the preferred connections for effecting this are shown in practicaloperation of machines of the character described 'to provide means whereby the machine will stop at the conclusion of the per,- forat'ionsl representing an article or job and 'will remaininoperative as long as desired.

This not only `saves wear of the machine andl prevents waste of power, but one attendant may care for several machines, and the vstopping of any machine will be notice to him that the pattern must be'renewed. or the article or job taken from the machine. To 'effect thisl automatic stoppage of the machine, I have preferred to employ means set into operation only when the pattern Ais advanced to a portion which lacks perforations representing characters, spaces, or the end of a line. I prefer to employ electrical connections for this purposeand haveshown'one form in Fig. l of the accompanying drawings. 5

Referring especially to Fig. 2 of the drawings, which indicates a top View of the related parts of a machine necessary to explain the operation lof my present invention, the driven `shaft D is providedA with a cam A21, for open ating the circuit-.closer frame and pattern-V feeding mechanism; a cam D,`actingvto drive in one direction aleve'r which longltudinally moves a characterbearlng body; a'cam D2,

acting to revolve the shaft uponwhich the type-cylinder is fitted; a cam D5, for moving 1 a lever foroperating the carriage-driving mechanism; a" cam D1, for moving an inkingl mechanism; a cam D5, for locking the character-bearing body in selected position; a cam D5,- foroscillating a paper-holding frame on 'the traveling carriage in order to move the paper to impression-taking position,'and a cam J55, operating upon a lever-arm of a detectormagnet, which controls the circuit through the clutch-locking magnet. rIhe driven shaft also carries and drives a rotary switch comprising a main contact L and branching plates L2 and L5, situated at opposite sides 'of L.

The relation, connection, and operation of" `the cams and other specified parts will be found Figs. 1 and 2 ofthe accompanying drawings.` Ihave also found it to be advantageous in the described in detail in my aforesaidapplica- 1 tion, Serial' No. 97,504.

In Fig. 2 I have shown my improved. clutch as being combined with the machine for printing justified lines described and claimed in said application. Said machine is provided with uprights A2 A2 and with a pair of feeding-rolls (one of which is indicated at A10) for drawing a perforated pattern underneath a contact-frame A25,'which carries the pins-such as A55 A11, Fig.vl. The framel is raised and lowered by means of an arm A25, secured to f rocking shaft A21 and to the outer endofwhich is secured an'arm A20, the free end. of which carries a pawl engaging a ratchet for driving the feeding-rolls. The rocking ofthe shaft A21 is effected by means of a roller D on the forward end of an arm A22, a cam A2'1(by contact with the roller) moving the arm in one direction, while the spring A25 returns said arm. The contact-pins of the frame A28, which pass through the perforations of the pattern, close the circuits of magnets which control the positioning of a type-cylinder M3 with relation to paper carried by a paper-carrying traveling carriage X. The type-cylinder referred to is returned both longitudinally and rotatively to a zero position by levers M and M10 and by connections described in detail in my said application Serial No. 97,504, these levers being driven in one direction by cams D and D2 and in the other direction by cams M2 and M11. Rotary switch connections L L2 L3 are provided for rst closing the circuits through the selected magnet or magnets aforesaid and for then closing a circuit through an impression-takin g magnet B1,moving the hammer-arm T21, all as described and claimed in detail in my aforesaid application.

Referring to Fig. l, it may be explained that the contacts C and A58 to A61, inclusive, are fixed, and the cooperating contacts C and A35 to A11, inclusive, are carried by a movable frame A21 of Fig. Q. .This last-named frame is controlled by the cam A21, and a patternfeeding mechanism, composed partly of a lever A20 and feed roller A10, operates alternately with the frame, whereby the pattern is fed when the upper contacts C and A35 to A11 are raised, and when the pattern is at rest the frame is lowered, causing one or more of the upper contacts to pass through openings in the pattern, and thereby bringing one or more of the upper contacts into touch with one or more of the lower contacts.

The contacts A58 to A61, inclusive, are connected to conductors which lead to the cores of magnets A11 A77 A78 A79 A80 and a a2, and these magnets (which are directly included by conductors Y, T111, and Z211 with generator Z) control, as fully explained in my aforesaid application, means for arresting a character-bearing body at a desired position and for controlling the operations of aY papercarriage or other base, and the contact C is connected to a conductor 0,' which leads (through a line-trip magnet C2, carriage-contact C3, and conductor C2) to the coil of the clutch-operating magnet H and then by wire b1 to generator Z. The contacts A35 to A21 pass through openings in the pattern representing characters, and the contact C passes only through openings, hereinbefore designated line-trip openings, at the end of a line. Obviously whenever the end of a line is reached some part of the machine must be moved, shifted, or restored forthe making of a new line of characters or impressions, and the operations of the character producing, assembling, or impression means must be stopped during such moving, shifting, or restoration. This is done in the apparatus illustrated by me by causing the magnet H to disconnect the clutch and draw the ring H2 tightly to the magnet-shell, causing the magnet to act as a brake. When the carriage or base has been moved, shifted, or restored, it may automatically break the circuit through the 'magnet-as, for instance, by separating contacts, such as C11 C1 of Fig. l, included in the circuit from the line-trip contact C to the magnet H.

As shown in Fig. 1, the machine may employ a magnet J, known as a detective and located in the line which leads to the movable contact-frame A28 aforesaid. Thus whenever one or more of the branch circuits is or are closed by the passing of the contacts A11 to A11 and C through the openings of the pattern-strip current will pass through the core of magnet J, and the armature J 2 thereof will be attracted, so as to separate two contacts J1'8 J21; but whenever the pattern mechanism presents a porti-on of the strip which has no holes, as at the end of an article or completion of a 1 job, then the branch circuits will not be closed by the movable frame, and the magnet J will not be energized. When this happens, the armature J2 will fall and the contacts J1111 and J 21 will engage, thus closing a circuit through the coil of the magnet H11, through the contacts H17 and H111, and through the magnet H. The armature H'J of the locking-magnet H8 will thereupon be attracted and will move the hook H11 to position to engage the groove H12 of the clutch-ring as soon as the latter moves sufiiciently. When the hook .enters the groove, as shown in Figs. 3 and. 6, the contacts H17 H111 will separate and the circuit will be broken, and, as explained, the spring H23 will maintain the parts in such position until manually restored. 1t will readily be seen, therefore, that the clutch will be disconnected at the end of each line of characters or impressions and that at the conclusion of an article the clutch will also bc locked in disconnecting position.

I claiml. In a pattern-controlled machine, the combination of a driven shaft, a clutch carried thereby, automatically-operating means for controlling the clutch, and means for locking the clutch as desired, substantially as described.

2. In a pattern-controlled machine, the combination of a driven shaft, a clutch carried thereby, means for controlling the clutch, and automatically-operating means for locking the clutch as desired, substantially as described.

3. Tn a pattern-controlled machine, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a combined clutch and brake, and automatically-operating means for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alternately as a clutch for connecting the shafts and as a brake for the driven shaft, substantially as described.

4. Inapattern-eontrolled machine, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a combined clutch and IOO IIO

brake, and means for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alter v'nately as a clutch for connecting the shafts,

- a driven shaft, a main shaft, a combined clutch,

and as a brake for the driven shaft, substan tially as described. I V5. In a machine of the characterdescribed,

and brake, means for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alternately as a clutchfor connecting the shafts and as a brake for the driven shaft, and means for locking the combined device in braking position, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a machine of the character described,

, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, automatically-operating means for controlling said clutch, and auto-` matically-operating means for locking thel clutch in disconnected position When desired,

substantially as described.

9. In a machine of the character described, a pattern-feeding mechanism, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting the shafts, an Y electromagnet controlling said clutch,

means under control of the pattern-feeding mechanism for closing v.the circuit through the electromagnet, and a locking mechanism, controlled by the pattern-feeding mechanism, for

holding the clutch in disconnected position as desired, substantially as described.`

10. Ina machine of the character described, a pattern-feeding mechanism, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, connections between the pattern-feeding mechanism andthe clutchfor automatically operating the latter, and a locking mechanism, controlled by thezpattern-feeding 50` mechanism, for holding the clutch in disconnected position as desired, substantially as described. f l

- 11.- In a machine ofthe character described, a pattern-feeding mechanism, a d-riven'shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, connections between the pattern-feeding mechanism and the clutch for automat-4 ically operating the latter, a locking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet controlling the lockl the circuit of the electromagnet, substantially as described. n

12. v In a machine ofthe character described,

a pattern-feeding mechanism, a driven shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, an electromagnetcontrolling the clutch, means, under control of the pattern-feeding mechanism, for closing the circuitthrough the electromagnet,

a lockingy mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position,'an electromagnet controlling the locking mechanism, and means,

under control of the pattern-feedingmechanism, for closing the circuit of the electromagnot, substantially as described.' l

v13. In a machine of the character described,

a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, an electromagnet controllingthe clutch, automatically-operating means for closing the circuit of vthe electromagnet, a locking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet controlling the locking mechanism,

and automatically-operating means for closing thefcircuit of the last-named electromagnet,

substantially asdescribed. v f

14. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting said shafts, means for operating said clutch, a locking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet controlling the locking mechanism,`

and automaticallyoperating means for closing When the clutch is locked, substantially as described. Y l

16. In a machine of the character described, adrivenshaft, a main shaft, a clutch for con! necting said shafts, means foroperating said clutch, alocking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet for controlling the-locking' mechanism, a circuit-breaker operated'by the locking mechanism yand -breaking the circuit through the magnet, and a spring for holding the locking-mechanism in locking position, substantially as described.

17. In am'achine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for con-v necting said shafts, an electromagnet'for operating said clutch, a locking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected'position', vand a contact operated by the locking mech- -mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, a circuit-breaker operated by IOO IIO

the locking mechanism and breaking the circuit through the magnet, and a spring for holding the locking mechanism in locking position, substantially as described.

19. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch, an electromagnet for operating said clutch, 4a locking mechanism for holding the clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet for controlling the locking mechanism, a circuit-breaker operated by the locking mechanism and breaking the circuit through both electromagnets, and a spring for holding the locking mechanism in position, substantially as described.

20. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch, an electromagnet for operating said clutch, a locking mechanism for holding said clutch in disconnected position, an electromagnet for controlling the locking mechanism, and automatically-operating means for breaking the circuit through both magnets when the locking mechanism is in locking position, substantially as described.

21. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch, means for operating the clutch, a locking mechanism for holding said clutch in disconnected position, and automatically-operating means for holding the locking mechanism in locking position, substantially as described.

22. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch slidably mounted upon the driven shaft and provided with an annular rib, an electromagnet for controlling the movement of theclutch to disconnecting position, a locking-hook for engaging the groove when the clutch is moved as aforesaid, and means for operating the lockinghook, substantially as described.

23. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch slidably mounted upon the driven shaft, and provided With an annular rib, an electromagnet for controlling the movement of the clutch to disconnecting position, a locking-hook for engaging the groove when the clutch is moved as aforesaid, and an electromagnet for operating the locking-hook, substantially as described.

-24e In amachine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch slidably mounted upon the driven shaft and provided With an annular rib, means for controlling the movement of the clutch to disconnecting position, a locking-hook for engaging the groove when the clutch is moved as aforesaid, and automatically-operating means for operating' the locking-hook, substantially as described. i

25. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting said shafts, and provided with an annular rib, an electromagnet for controlling the movement of the clutch to disconnecting position, a locking hook for engaging the groove when the clutch is moved as aforesaid, an electromagnet for operating the lockinghook as desired, a circuit-breaker operated in conjunction With the locking-hook and breaking the circuit of the two electromagnets aforesaid, and means for holding the hook in locking position, substantially as described.

26. In a machine of the character described, a driven shaft, a main shaft, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting said shafts and provided With an annular rib, an electromagnet for controlling the movement of the clutch to disconnecting position, automatically -operating circuit-closing means for said magnet, a locking-hook for engaging the groove when the clutch is moved as aforesaid, an electromagnet for operating the hook as aforesaid, automatically-operating circuit-closing means for the last-named magnet, a circuit-breaker operated in conjunction with the locking-hook and breaking the circuit of the two electromagnets aforesaid, and a spring for holding the hook in locking position, substantially as described.

27. The combination, with a machine, of a driven shaft, a combined clutch and brake carried thereby, and means operated by said machine for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alternately as a clutch and as a brake for the driven shaft, substantially as described.

28. The combination, with a machine, of a driven shaft, a combined clutch and brake carried thereby, and automatically-operating means for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alternately as a clutch and as a brake for the driven shaft, substantially as described.

29. The combination, with a machine, of a driven shaft, a combined clutch and brake carried thereby, an electromagnet for controlling the combined device, and means operated by theV machine for making' and breaking the circuit of said electromagnet, substantially as described.

30. The combination, with a machine, of a driven shaft, a combined clutch and brake carried thereby, an electromagnet for controlling the combined device, and automatically-operating means for making and breaking the circuit of said electromagnet, substantially as described.

3l. The combination, with a machine, of a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a combined clutch and brake, and `means operated by said machine for controlling the combined device, whereby it may be employed alternately as a clutch for connecting the driving` and driven shafts and as a brake for the driven shaft, substantially as described.

WAL' ICR S. 'Il MM IS.

Witnesses:

W ILLIAM H. BERRIGAN, JAMES J. Cosenove.

IOO

IIO 

